They observed that some of the surface oxygen leaked into the catalyst bulk, reducing the availability of the catalyst for CH 4 activation and favoring CO 2 and O diffusion instead. ![]() Interestingly, these exhibited different catalytic properties and their interplay and transformation gave rise to oscillations in the surface states and in the catalytic function. Furthermore, they discovered the presence of three metastable oxygen species at the catalyst: atomic surface oxygen, subsurface oxygen, and bulk NiO x. They highlighted the critical role of dissociative CO 2 adsorption in regulating the oxygen content of the catalyst and CH 4 activation. In particular, they studied the role of different oxygen species on a Nickel catalyst during DRM by using a combination of experimental and computational science techniques, including operando scanning electron microscopy, near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and computer vision. This knowledge can only be gained from so called operando experiments in which structure and function are probed simultaneously.Ī collaborative effort by scientists from the Departments of Inorganic Chemistry and Theory at the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society in Berlin provided fundamental insights into the processes occurring at the catalyst surface and on how this modulates the catalytic performance during DRM. Although Nickel- and Cobalt-based catalysts, being low cost and highly available on Earth, have shown promising activity for DRM, designing high-performance catalysts is often challenging as the connection between chemical dynamics, the formation of the active surface species and their reaction pathways is generally missing. This mixture is also known as syngas and can be used to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels by consecutively building up larger hydrocarbons via the Fischer-Tropsch chemistry. ![]() ![]() Among the various heterogeneous catalytic processes, dry reforming of methane (DRM) has recently become the subject of academic attention, as it converts two greenhouse gases, methane (CH 4) and carbon dioxide (CO 2), into hydrogen (H 2) and carbon monoxide (CO).
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